DENTAL SCALING EQUIPMENTS - DENTALAAKA

Dentalscaling is as important as your daily brushing or flossing.there are some food particles which cannot be remove4d by regular brushing or flossing. In this scenario, dental scalers come to rescue and play its role to, maintain proper hygiene of the patient. It is only done by dental professions through their latest equipped tools.

Scaling is the procedure where dental calculus is removed from supra and subgingival surfaces of the tooth. It can be performed using a mechanical or hand instruments by dental professionals. The procedure of hand scaling is more precise and allows better tactile sensation whereas mechanical scaling instruments require less time to remove the deposit and result in less operator fatigue.

Hand scaling is used to remove large, bulky supra gingival deposit on the surface of the teeth. Hand instruments have a handle, shank and a working end or tip. Frequent sharpening is required to maintain its efficacy and sharp edges.The handle can be varied according to their shapes, and style to reduce strain and hand fatigue. Working end can be angled,curved or straight and made up of stainless steel or carbide steel. Hand scalers come in different varieties like hand scaler, curette,sickle scaler,hoe, chisel and files.Hand scalers have a sharp cutting edge and curette comes with a rounded toe. Hoe is most useful in removing a large amount of calculus.

Powered or mechanical scalers removes calculus easily, more efficiently in less amount of time. There are three types of mechanical scalers 

1.sonic scalers 

2.ultrasonicscalers 

3.rotary scalers.

Sonic scalers are compressed air driven and require a compressed air driven dental unit. They are less effective than ultrasonic scalers but they generate less heat and decreases the chances of iatrogenic damages to the tooth. They are mostly used supra gingivally and tips of the scalars oscillated at a sonic frequency.

Ultrasonic scalers are the most commonly used equipment in a dental clinic nowadays. They are electric driven and tips oscillated at the ultrasonic frequencies like 20KHZ,30KHZ or more. The vibration of the tips generated by either magnetostrictive or piezoelectric mechanisms of the handpiece. Ultrasonic oscillation of the tips causes cavitation of the water coolant which releases energy and helps to disrupt calculus on the surface of the tooth. Ultrasonic scalers are generally designed for supragingival use but the tips are designed for subgingival calculus also.

Rotary scalers are very uncommon in day to day practice as they have more chances of iatrogenic damage is high. Non-cutting burs are used in a high speed, air driven handpiece.when the bur is applied to the calculus, the calculus disintegrates and flushed away by the water spray. They have been shown to cause extensive enamel damage and when used in humans, resulted in postoperative pain.

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